安身立命 :: securing and establishing
There is radical incompatibility between orthodox Chinese Confucian ideal of 'securing one's position (in life) and establishing one's destiny' and Judeo-Christian Biblical faith, which I would argue is essentially a nomadic faith and tends to wither in secured and established situation. Yet this incompatibility seems to be overlooked by so many who work on bridging traditional Chinese culture and Christian faith. It is the nomadic nature of the Biblical faith that enables it to engage with the liminal experience of people, and thus make a theology of liminality possible.
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【閾域神學外篇】
偶然在一個網誌上看到這段被列為quote of the day的話:
『時代的紛亂,現實的處境,容易捲走人的熱情與理想,唯有信仰才能叫人安身立命。』 (按:這裡肯定是指基督信仰)
驟看,好像有點道理。回身再想,愈想愈覺得有問題,甚至覺得它正是真理的反面,於是寫出這個parody:
『信仰的偏執,安身立命的迷思,容易捲走人的熱情與理想,唯有紛亂的時代,和現實的處境,才能叫人敏銳警醒。』 (For discussion's sake only,希望原作者或跟那個網誌有關的人不要介意。)
問題在於 『安身立命』。
源自猶太宗教的基督信仰(Judeo-Christian faith),從來沒有叫人安身立命。
那只是所謂正統 『中國文化』(其實應該說是 『儒家漢文化』)的理想,也是非常 『人之常情』的渴望,可是基督信仰所講的,所要求的,從來就不是那種 『常情』。
這也許是基督信仰和漢文化之間的根本分歧,是那跨不過的鴻溝,借用咱Ben同學喜愛的字眼,是incommensurability,用我的常用說法,是fundamental point of departure。很可惜,一些致力於契通基督宗教與漢文化的高人,都似乎沒有理會這個根本分歧,還把它當成是可以互補的,把基督信仰說成是讓人安身立命之所。
上帝叫亞伯拉罕離開家鄉,浪跡天涯,但不知往那裡去。
希伯來人在埃及做奴隸,雖然苦,但只要逆來順受總算好地地有口飯吃可以苟且偷安,上帝卻叫他們走,在黃沙漠漠裡尋找那根本唔知係乜的應許之地。
到他們在巴勒斯坦安頓,有皇室有制度,定都耶路撒冷,他們就開始玩完了。That was the beginning of the end。
耶穌說,狐狸有洞飛鳥有窩,但人子連枕首的地方也沒有。
早期的基督徒群體,是社會上的極少數極少數,受盡歧視迫害,在邊緣上掙扎求生,卻活力感染力爆炸力非凡。到被康士坦丁扮信耶穌收編成為 『國教』,納入正統,安了身立了命,玩完了。Game over。
聖經所揭示的猶太-基督信仰,本質上是個浪蕩人間的nomadic faith。哪天我們自以為安身,自以為立命,哪天對上主的信靠就完了。
正因為聖經信仰的浪蕩本質,它才能夠跟那些兩頭無岸、面面非人的 『閾中人』說話;否則,它只能夠是上了岸或者總會上岸的士大夫階層的社交玩意,又或者是那些自以為有知識的份子的學術遊戲;對於在荒漠裡叫天不應叫地不聞的閾中人,它連做人民鴉片的資格都沒有。
也正因為聖經信仰如此盛載了閾中人的經驗,『閾域神學』才成為可能。
9 comments:
Unfortunately, this is how many understood the Gospel nowadays. "Believe in Jesus, you'll be saved and get your inner peace." It is just such a prevalent belief in the consumerist world... even religion has to be consumer-orientated... Christianity is no longer portrayed as a nomadic faith, think about it, what the church leaders would say, "Who would ever believe in Jesus if they knew they have to leave their home and don't know where they're going??"
飲者, 看到這裡, 我才開始明白你閾中人是甚麼回事.
「對於在荒漠裡叫天不應叫地不聞的閾中人」﹐「 安身立命的基督徒」會認為他們是走著留開神的險路。
更正: 是「離開」﹐不是「留開」。
Amy: Yes, you are right on. Don't put the blame on your church 'leaders' though, that is just what they (and we) have inherited from the last several hundred years; and it has very little to do with consumerism. (The latter is a problem in itself, but they are separate issues.) More fundamentally, I cannot be sure that I am correct in this respect, in the ultimate sense.
船山:謝謝,不過其實我還是頗為模糊混沌,最好你解釋一下,等我自己明多點。
小雲:是的。不過我所說的「在荒漠裡叫天不應叫地不聞的閾中人」,並非指認為自己是基督徒的人。然而,一般來說,基督徒(就是你說的「安身立命的基督徒」)覺得自己很穩妥,看見荒漠中人,就要把他們拉出來(拯救他們),而很少會想過,自己要進入荒漠,與他們同行。
真o既!愈安身,可能離真理愈遠。因為要維持呢個安身之所,可能迫我o地做o的九唔搭八o既o野。
我冇資格講o的乜,因為我都為o左安身而留o左o係一個唔鍾意o既地方。
史兄:唔好咁講。其實你並冇安身,因為唔駛睇或者睇吓你寫D野都知你十分不安(restless)。你只係做緊埃及奴隸,為六斗米頂硬上者,到時到候,自然會同奴隸主拜拜。時候未到,食飽D先囉。
嘩, 飲者, 你咁陰我架?! 嗯.....其實呢位施主, 你又何需外求呢, 兩頭無岸, 身在閾中, 你這位博士生體會最深, 阿彌陀佛.
船王:邊個陰邊個呀而家究竟?
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