In the business of theology it is hard not to be controversial - Jurgen Moltmann

Monday, 25 August 2008

The Dark Knight

It was last Saturday afternoon, the day after the storm, that this gentleman (lady?) paid me a visit.  It's the first time I've ever seen a bat in broad daylight.  But why was he / she there?

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風暴過後的星期六下午,這位朋友光臨西貢『贛居』(贛直人的居所,即舍下),在露臺停留了數分鐘才離去。

他的同族兄姊過去亦偶有來訪,而且登堂入室,但他們畢竟是晝伏夜出之輩,光天化日突來巡視,實前所未見。當時還恐怕他因為跟小丑力拼而受傷,正不知如何伸出援手,幸而我家大狗小狗都在熟睡,未有注意,他就嘎然翱翔而去。

或許是一場颶風,叫他日夜顛倒了。又或也許他的家園給毀掉了,正彷徨,可惜我也愛莫能助。

Saturday, 23 August 2008

關於種族的神學探索 :: a theological investigation on race

這是個『種族化』(racialised) 的世界 —— 以種族界定現象,把人分門別類,評定優劣;西方社會過去二三百年從這『種族化』中獲取優勢;基督教(及其神學)也在其中自我界定為屬於西方的文化傳統。

對這個課題,基督教神學可以有甚麼思考呢?

在這樣的背景之下,杜克大學神學院 (Duke Divinity School) 的 J. Kameron Carter 這本剛出版的新書,應該十分有趣。【HT: Halden

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J. Kameron Carter, Race: A Theological Account (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), 504pp.

美國牛津大學出版社的介紹如下:

In Race: A Theological Account , J. Kameron Carter meditates on the multiple legacies implicated in the production of a racialized world and that still mark how we function in it and think about ourselves. These are the legacies of colonialism and empire, political theories of the state, anthropological theories of the human, and philosophy itself, from the eighteenth-century Enlightenment to the present.


Carter's claim is that Christian theology, and the signal transformation it (along with Christianity) underwent, is at the heart of these legacies. In that transformation, Christian anti-Judaism biologized itself so as to racialize itself. As a result, and with the legitimation of Christian theology, Christianity became the cultural property of the West, the religious ground of white supremacy and global hegemony. In short, Christianity became white. The racial imagination is thus a particular kind of theological problem.


Not content only to describe this problem, Carter constructs a way forward for Christian theology. Through engagement with figures as disparate in outlook and as varied across the historical landscape as Immanuel Kant, Frederick Douglass, Jarena Lee, Michel Foucault, Cornel West, Albert Raboteau, Charles Long, James Cone, Irenaeus of Lyons, Gregory of Nyssa, and Maximus the Confessor, Carter reorients the whole of Christian theology, bringing it into the twenty-first century.

Neither a simple reiteration of Black Theology nor another expression of the new theological orthodoxies, this groundbreaking book will be a major contribution to contemporary Christian theology, with ramifications in other areas of the humanities.

這份思考,對咱們的本土神學、華人神學、漢語神學、東亞神學 ... 等等,不知又會帶來甚麼刺激/啟迪/挑戰?

Friday, 22 August 2008

颶風前夕,心動時刻 :: the afternoon before the storm

The forecast of tropical storm gave me a good pretext yesterday to go to my favourite market to stock up some food.  I actually enjoy the fresh food market, which is inexpensive and full of fresh supplies.  Apart from the lower prices, I like the feeling of being in the midst of common folks -- it satisfies my hypocritical self-righteous fantasy that I am living among the people.

......................................

颶風給了我一個藉口,在颱風殺到前夕下午忽然心動,出外冒著熱氣咬唇之險吃了個非一般西多士,又臨時決定突擊牛池灣鄉買菜儲量。

到街市買菜其實是我近年頗為喜愛的活動(說不上非常喜愛,但喜愛的程度明顯地比看電影要大一些),而且我正如大部份真正喜歡買菜的人一樣,喜歡到街市多於超市。【據知有人(竟然)說會到菜市場跑來跑去買菜回家煮飯的男生『帥』,嘻嘻。】

自從當年離開工作崗位游手好閑,重新過『人』的生活,可以有時間和心理空間閒逛街市,就喜歡到牛池灣鄉的市場(不同牛池灣街市)。隨後幾年每次從愛丁堡潛回香港,不論逗留多長或者多短,我也必定會到那裡買菜。一來它是我從九龍市區回家的必經之路,二來我喜歡它選擇多、價錢平、質素好、攤檔集中。

那裡的貨品價錢,跟香港我去過的其他街市比較,應該屬於略低至甚低水平;如果跟我過去幾年一直支付的愛丁堡價錢比較,更是嚇死人。以這次買的幾樣東西為例:

兩個甚為巨型青瓜(黃瓜),九塊半(當然是港幣啦)= 70p (我常光顧的LIDL,超特價有可能買到,不過體積沒那麼大)。

四包蒜頭,三元正 = 20p(LIDL 每包正價69p,超減價可能會20p)。

兩扎蒜芯,八大元 = 55p (在愛丁堡沒見過)。

兩大個榨菜,四元 = 28p;菜莆九両,五元 = 35p (此等東西在愛丁堡無價)。

在那裡買東西,我挺喜歡那種混在基層中間的感覺,執到平野之餘,又可以滿足一下我那份幻想自己『道成肉身,住在人群中間』的虛偽自義。哈哈。

 

題外

剛剛這幾個小時,『鸚鵡』風眼就在西貢附近海面,也即是在我家附近。颶風中間,非常平靜,感覺奇妙。

Thursday, 14 August 2008

何求 :: quests

The other day I met with some old friends whom I met in Boston decades ago.  One finally decided to abandon his original passport, as he found certain policies of his home country had gone beyond his tolerance.  Another said he did not like to live in the USA, as he did not want to collectively exploit other people.

....................................

幾個舊友,多年前相識於波士頓,某日再聚於香港粉嶺。

好久不見,三三四四長長短短天天地地南南北北之間,夾雜著不知多少近況與感懷。

在某個多種族多文化國家出生長大的C,讀書在美國,事業在美國,戀愛在美國,結婚在美國,妻子是美國公民,孩子在美國出生,只是二十多年來差不多每年都返回自己的國家一趟,堅持那才是他的國家,從來沒有申請入籍美國。

直到去年一次回國之後,他卻決定放棄本國護照,入籍美國。

Y:為甚麼?

C:那一次,我清楚知道那個國家再不屬於我,我也不再屬於那個國家。

Y:何出此言?

C:政府對某個種族偏袒得太明顯太離譜了,雖然它從來都偏袒,我以前已經很不滿意,但這幾年變得實在太過份了 ...... 連批評這做法的自由都失去了 ...

......

C:你說不喜歡美國,到底是不喜歡甚麼?

M:是感情因素吧?你在美國日子短 ...

Y:太privileged了,不喜歡那種感覺。

C:你在英國,也很privileged啊?

Y:相差很遠 ... [Y沒有糾正說,他是在『蘇格蘭』不是『英國』]

M:你喜歡被剝削?

Y:我不喜歡剝削別人,還要是集體地剝削別人,很不舒服。

Monday, 4 August 2008

神學博士路遙遙(玖):: long road to theological doctorate (9)

時機的問題     a matter of timing

Over the past few decades till today, most ethnic Chinese theologians from East and Southeast Asia who pursue doctorates in western countries are between 30 and 40 years of age.  This is indeed an excellent timing in terms of a person's life journey.  (1) One should be experienced enough with life to face the various challenges of doing academic theology.  (2) One is still relatively free to go around, when pressures from family expectations are not yet that conspicuous (both from kids and parents).   There is of course the high price of putting down one's career when it is picking up speed.

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清楚自己為甚麼要讀神學博士,也確定自己的能力、性格、信仰氣質等等都適合之後,甚麼時候實踐這個偉大計劃好呢?

這個問題當然不能一概而論,但卻不得不參考近三十多年來的群體智慧。從我有限的觀察,過去和近年從東亞/東南亞西遊取經讀博士的華裔神學人,年齡大都介乎三十出頭到四十之間。似乎三十多歲的確是神學人讀博士的黃金歲月。

一般來說,人到了這個階段大概已經有一定的人生閱歷和工作經驗,應該足以避免過份象牙塔的思維;那些累積下來的人生歷練,也會造就對世界、對信仰一套相對地穩定的看法,應該不至於在鑽研學術的過程裡給衝擊得不知所措。

何況神學學術研究講求衝刺/爆炸力與沉著/定力的平衡,年紀較輕可能未夠成熟,也許爆炸力有餘而定力不足;過了那個年紀,成熟的定力很夠了,又恐怕精神體力吃不消。

還有一點是家庭狀況的時機問題。三十多歲,你或許仍是單身的,不是單身也可能未有/沒有小孩,或者小孩尚小,可以讓你隨意帶他們到任何地方。另一面,有幸父母還在的話,年紀也不會太大,健康大概還可以,你大致上還可以放心遠行數載。再過五年十年,小孩正值追求自主的時期,年邁父母的身體警號頻頻,面對上下兩代的家庭責任,更難安心離家。

問題是,三十多歲對不少人來說,正是個人事業與經濟條件急速向上攀爬的時候,在教會工作的,事奉也日見得心應手站上重要位置,要毅然放下離鄉別井埋頭苦幹,『甘於寂寞,專心研究一個問題』(again,a la 楊牧谷 via 李思敬),代價實在高昂。

只是,如果錯過了這個階段,恐怕代價更為高昂,而且只會愈遲愈高昂。

如果閣下部署讀神學博士的時候已經年過四十,除非你已經有明確落實的去向/出路 —— 譬如你是某學府的儲備師資(faculty reserve),或者你早已獲得某學府虛位以待,或者你根本是某大教會/宗派/機構『包起』的,那作別論 —— 否則的話,我勸你在正式行動之前還是要三十個三思。因為讀完之後,你在很多人眼中已經『年事已高』,下一步的出路會特別困難,除非你自信有其他過人的獨特條件,令人可以『掩面不看』你的年紀。